Dropbox Alternatives and Competitors: Dropbox vs Other Online File Sharing and Storage Tools

Dropbox Alternatives and Competitors: Dropbox vs Other Online File Sharing and Storage Tools

Dropbox is a big name in the online file sharing and storage market. But there are a lot of alternatives and competitors of dropbox present in the online file sharing and storage market. 

As there are some security and safety concerns with dropbox, people are searching for alternatives to dropbox to store their data online. A lot of competitors of dropbox are there in software market. We will have a detailed discussion on various alternatives to dropbox and competitors of dropbox. We will mainly focus on the features of Microsoft Live Mesh, Spider Oak, SugarSync, Wuala, Amazon Cloud Drive, Box, Syncplicity, Cubby, Huddle,  Egnyte, ShareFile, TeamDrive, Cloudme, CX etc. These are giving very tough competition to dropbox in syncing data with various devices or networks, online storage space, security and safety settings, encrypted data backup and recovery, media streaming etc.

Here goes the list of Alternatives to Dropbox: Dropbox Competitors

1. Microsoft Live Mesh: Microsoft's file syncing tool works really well in the background. You can use Live Mesh just for local syncing and/or 5GB of SkyDrive's online storage space (out of SkyDrive's 25GB max). As you might expect, Live Mesh has some unique benefits for Windows users: you can remote control your Live Sync connected Windows computer (similar to Remote Desktop Connection) and sync Microsoft Office and Internet Explorer program settings. SkyDrive is also where Office Web Apps online documents are stored, so you get that integration as well.

Storage: Up to 25 GB Free, per SkyDrive Account

Desktop Support: Windows Vista SP2 or later, Mac OSX 10.5 or later

Browser Support: IE 7 or later preferred

Mobile Clients: None

2. SpiderOak: Besides its really strong "zero knowledge" security features, SpiderOak is very versatile: it can sync not only your desktop or mobile device but your external drive or network volume as well—so you can use it to keep your desktop, laptop, and USB thumb drive in sync, for example. SpiderOak offers a lot of information about your backups, uploads, and syncs, so you always feel in control of your data. Refer a friend and you get an additional 1GB more free space (up to 50GB max for the free referral space).

Storage: 2 GB Free, with Personal and Enterprise Plans Available

Desktop Support: PCs with Windows XP or greater, Mac 10.5 or later, and the more popular Linux distributions

Browser Support: Most modern Web browsers

Mobile Clients: iPhone and iPad with iOS 4, Android 2 or later, Blackberry 4 or later

3. SugarSync: SugarSync does what Dropbox does, but lacks the LAN sync and strong API support. It makes up for that in more features for media streaming, mobile syncing (including auto syncing photos and folders from Android devices), and folders selection and permissions/passwords settings. SugarSync's web interface has a bit more functionality than Dropbox, with its separation of photos from files and also a very useful direct editing feature where you can edit files from within the webapp. You get a generous 5GB free to start with and can earn 500MB more space for each referral.

Storage: 5 GB Free, with Personal and Enterprise Plans Available

Desktop Support: PCs with Windows XP or later and Mac Desktops 10.4 or later

Browser Support: IE, Firefox 3 or later, Safari 4 or later, Chrome

Mobile Clients: iOS 4, Android 2 or later, Blackberry OS 4 or later, Windows Phone 7, and Symbian

4. Wuala: From Swiss storage manufacturer LaCie, Wuala, like SpiderOak, offers locally encrypted data backup and syncing. Although the 1GB of free storage space is on the low end to start with, Wuala has a unique way to earn additional storage: you can buy more space or exchange unused storage on your computer (e.g., empty space on an external drive) for more storage on Wuala.

5. Amazon Cloud Drive: Amazon's drive offering is particularly attractive if you're looking for a way to store your music library. They recently added Safari support, so if you're on an iPhone or iPad you can now use the service. If you're already set up with a Cloud Drive account, and have some music in it, just point Safari to the Cloud Player sign in page and you'll see the desktop interface on your iOS device. Sign into your account and you'll see the desktop interface on your iOS device.

On the downside, there's no sync service or automated way to add your non-music files. It's all manual upload and download. This is a fair place to hold your music library, but not useful for much else, given the options available today. Also, being forced to manually upload files via a Web browser gives the product a rushed and unfinished feel. However, it's hard to complain about a free place to store your music. If you're looking for a good place to store and stream your music library and can use some rudimentary non-music file storage as well, then Amazon Cloud Drive may work for you.

Storage: 5 GB Free, or 20 GB free with purchase of an album from the Amazon MP3 store

Desktop Support: Any OS that supports Flash

Browser Support: Any browser with Flash 9 or 10, newest browser versions preferred but not required

Mobile Clients: Android 2 or later, and browser support for Apple devices with iOS 4

6. Box: Box.net offers 5 GB of free cloud storage with a 25-MB file size limit. Storage is accessible by only one user, and access to your data via mobile app also is free. Box.net provides paid options for 25 GB and 50 GB at $10 and $20 per month, respectively, with 1-GB file size limits each.

Box.net offers up to 500 GB of shared storage, the most among the products within this roundup, with a collaborative toolset and workspace for up to three users for $15 per user, per month. Enterprise customers with needs beyond three users are encouraged to call Box.net for pricing. The features and functionality offered here are best suited to enterprise customers. Box.net's complete set of collaborative tools, larger shared storage allotments, and associated costs are geared toward businesses with distributed work teams.

Storage: 5 GB Free

Desktop Support: Windows Vista SP2 or later, Mac OSX 10.5 or later

Browser Support: Mobile browser--Web Kit compatible

Mobile Clients: iOS 4.0 or later, Android 2.0 or later

7. Syncplicity: Syncplicity offers the same sync and share features of Dropbox with a decided enterprise slant. For example, admins can control which devices can access cloud storage inside or outside the company. Data retention policies can help admins find and remove documents that violate company data protection policies.

In a nod to the existing data protection measures in a large enterprise that allows an admin to wipe the data on connected laptop, Syncplicity also provides a way to wipe a user account for computers and mobile devices. The service uses audited security encryption technologies such as SOC 1 and standards such as the Department of Defense's DoD 5220.22. Finally, the admin console is more robust than some; accounts can be pre-configured for access to specific files and folders for employee groups.

8. Cubby: The name might not make you think of an industrial strength cloud service, but Cubby-from the same company that makes the LogMeIn remote access tool-is a sure step above Dropbox. All user files are protected using SSL encryption; each user gets a separate encryption key. (In a few weeks, Cubby will release a beta for an optional high-security mode that will store encryption keys off-line so that only the user has access to the key.) During a data transfer between users, encryption keys form a tight bond between the two endpoints.

One interesting differentiator for Cubby is that information is stored in a data center owned and operated by LogMeIn, not Amazon or another third party. Like LogMeIn itself, Cubby works on the desktop and through a mobile app in addition to working through any browser.

9. Huddle: Huddle is more than just a place to keep files. The new service, designed for the enterprise, is more like a collaborative environment. This is also one of the strengths of the service in terms of security; repositories are organized according to workgroups and for those inside and outside the company.

Because the service is not designed to be a cloud storage service, the system tracks all documents and transfers. Admins can look up the rights to any document, check who has ownership and see how the document has been distributed in the organization. They can even see a history of comments on documents. Like LogMeIn, Huddle uses a company-owned data center that is ISO 27001 certified. The company conducts regular penetration testing and use enterprise-class firewalls.

10. Egnyte: Like most of the cloud storage systems listed here, Egnyte includes the usual admin console and file encryption options, but several unique feature make this cloud storage portal worth considering. Admins can assign permissions on a more granular level-down to sub-folders within sub-folders.

While other storage tools provide desktop and mobile apps, Egnyte also provides a way to create a mapped network drive or access from FTP. There's also a way to generate an audit report showing permission and encryption levels. An enterprise version provides up to 3TB of storage and an unlimited number of users, while a unique "server sync" feature creates a sync between a server and the cloud.

11. ShareFile: Another smart alternative to Dropbox, ShareFile (now owned by Citrix) is a stark departure from consumer-level features. IT admins can use a unique "poison pill" option that sets an expiration point for any file. They can also perform a remote data wipe for any computer or mobile device.

12. TeamDrive: TeamDrive is a more secure version of online file sharing services and it uses AES-256 algorithm for encryption plus the public key feature makes it totally reliable and one of the best Dropbox alternative. It is ideal for Private users, small companies, corporations and supports all the platforms like  iOS, Linux and Windows. You also get a a free storage advantage over Dropbox with it’s 10 GB free online storage space. In addition you can also choose between hosted services, your own server or pre-installed TeamDrive cloud.

13. Cloudme: The feature that distinguishes this DropBox alternative from other listed so far is the creative Web Desktop, that allows you to have your own Desktop in the Cloud. You can then customize and increase productivity of your own Web OS by installing apps and create a working environment. This also enables you to to directly listen to your own music, look at images and edit photos. The Cloudme.com supports all the platforms including iOS and Android which means you can also directly Back-up and share information from you smartphones and mobile devices. The email support, MSN, ICQ, Google Talk, Yahoo and AIM integration makes this best Dropbox alternatives which is further accentuated with its free 3GB stirage space.

14. CX: A more social and interactive way to share files using cloud service, the Cx.com provides a free 10GB storage and a neat interface. You can Sync your files to just about every platform including  iOS,Mac, Windows, Kindle and Android but that’s not what differentiates it from the rest of DropBox alternatives. The ability to comment on shared files, add friends, create groups, and then share your files publicly or privately is what makes this one of the best DropBox Alternatives.

Basic Javascript Technical Interview Questions and Answers for Web Developers - Objective and Subjective

Basic Javascript Technical Interview Questions and Answers for Web Developers - Objective and Subjective

In this tutorial on "Basic Javascript Technical Interview Questions and Answers For Web Developers", we will discuss some questions which are frequenty and commonly asked when you sit in a  technical interview on Javascript. So, if you are going for job interview and have mentioned javascript in your CV, you must go through the following javascript interview questions and answers. We will cover very basic things about javascript here like basic introdurction to javascript, datatypes in javascript, syntax of javascript and basic DOM events associated with javascript. Here goes the list of javascript interview questions and answers:

1. What is JavaScript?

JavaScript is a platform-independent,event-driven, interpreted client-side scripting language developed by Netscape Communications Corp. and Sun Microsystems.

JavaScript is a general-purpose programming language designed to let programmers of all skill levels control the behavior of software objects. The language is used most widely today in Web browsers whose software objects tend to represent a variety of HTML elements in a document and the document itself.

But the language is used with other kinds of objects in other environments. For example, Adobe Acrobat Forms uses JavaScript as its underlying scripting language to glue together objects that are unique to the forms generated by Adobe Acrobat.

Therefore, it is important to distinguish JavaScript, the language, from the objects it can communicate with in any particular environment.

When used for Web documents, the scripts go directly inside the HTML documents and are downloaded to the browser with the rest of the HTML tags and content.

2. How is JavaScript different from Java?

Don't be fooled by the term Java in both. Both are quite different technologies.

JavaScript was developed by Brendan Eich of Netscape; Java was developed at Sun Microsystems. While the two languages share some common syntax, they were developed independently of each other and for different audiences. Java is a full-fledged programming language tailored for network computing; it includes hundreds of its own objects, including objects for creating user interfaces that appear in Java applets (in Web browsers) or standalone Java applications. In contrast, JavaScript relies on whatever environment it's operating in for the user interface, such as a Web document's form elements.

JavaScript was initially called LiveScript at Netscape while it was under development. A licensing deal between Netscape and Sun at the last minute let Netscape plug the "Java" name into the name of its scripting language. Programmers use entirely different tools for Java and JavaScript. It is also not uncommon for a programmer of one language to be ignorant of the other. The two languages don't rely on each other and are intended for different purposes. In some ways, the "Java" name on JavaScript has confused the world's understanding of the differences between the two. On the other hand, JavaScript is much easier to learn than Java and can offer a gentle introduction for newcomers who want to graduate to Java and the kinds of applications you can develop with it.

3. What is the official JavaScript website?

This is a trick question used by interviewers to evaluate the candidate’s knowledge of JavaScript. Most people will simply say javascript.com is the official website.

The truth is- there is no official website for Javascript you can refer to. It was developed by Brendan Eich for Netscape. It was based on the ECMAScript language standard; ECMA-262 being the official JavaScript standard.

4. What’s relationship between JavaScript and ECMAScript?

ECMAScript is yet another name for JavaScript (other names include LiveScript). The current JavaScript that you see supported in browsers is ECMAScript revision 3.

5. What are the various datatypes in javascript?

Number
String
Boolean
Function
Object
Null
Undefined

6. What boolean operators does JavaScript support?

&&, || and !

7. What is negative infinity?

It’s a number in JavaScript, derived by dividing negative number by zero.

8. Is it possible to check if a variable is an object?

Yes, it is possible to do so. The following piece of code will help achieve the same.

if(abc && typeof abc === "object") {
console.log('abc is an object and does not return null value');
}

9. Can you explain what isNaN function does?

isNaN function will check an argument and return TRUE (1) if the argument does not seem to be a number.

10. How do you convert numbers between different bases in JavaScript?

Use the parseInt() function, that takes a string as the first parameter, and the base as a second parameter. So to convert hexadecimal 3F to decimal, use parseInt ("3F", 16);

11. What is the difference between undefined value and null value?

undefined means a variable has been declared but has not yet been assigned a value. On the other hand, null is an assignment value. It can be assigned to a variable as a representation of no value.

Also, undefined and null are two distinct types: undefined is a type itself (undefined) while null is an object.

Unassigned variables are initialized by JavaScript with a default value of undefined. JavaScript never sets a value to null. That must be done programmatically.

12. What is the difference between “==” and “===”?

While “==” checks only for equality, “===” checks for equality as well as the type.

13. Differentiate between “var a=2” and “a =2”

The major difference between the two is that one variable is local and the other is global. “var” basically defines the scope of the variable.

When we add var to a variable value assignment, javascript ensures that the variable is confined to whichever function it is assigned to and does not collide with the same name variable within another function.

When we don’t use var, then it is declared as a global function and chances of collision can happen. So it’s always advisable to use “var” before variable value assignment. If needed use an anonymous function for closure.

14.  What is Javascript namespacing? How and where is it used?

Using global variables in Javascript is evil and a bad practice. That being said, namespacing is used to bundle up all your functionality using a unique name. In JavaScript, a namespace is really just an object that you’ve attached all further methods, properties and objects. It promotes modularity and code reuse in the application.

15. What does "1"+2+4 evaluate to?

Since 1 is a string, everything is a string, so the result is 124.

16. How about 2+5+"8"?

Since 2 and 5 are integers, this is number arithmetic, since 8 is a string, it’s concatenation, so 78 is the result.

17. How to create arrays in JavaScript?

We can declare an array like this
var scripts = new Array();
We can add elements to this array like this

scripts[0] = "PHP";
scripts[1] = "ASP";
scripts[2] = "JavaScript";
scripts[3] = "HTML";

Now our array scrips has 4 elements inside it and we can print or access them by using their index number. Note that index number starts from 0. To get the third element of the array we have to use the index number 2 . Here is the way to get the third element of an array.
document.write(scripts[2]);
We also can create an array like this
var no_array = new Array(21, 22, 23, 24, 25);

 

18. How do you create a new object in JavaScript?

var obj = new Object(); or var obj = {};

19. How do you assign object properties?

obj["age"] = 17 or obj.age = 17

20. What’s a way to append a value to an array?

arr[arr.length] = value;

21. What is this keyword?

It refers to the current object.

 

22. How many looping structures can you find in javascript?

If you are a programmer, you know the use of loops. It is used to run a piece of code multiple times according to some particular condition. Javascript being a popular scripting language supports the following loops

for
while
do-while loop

23. Are javascript and jQuery different?

jQuery is a quick as well as concise JavaScript Library that simplifies HTML document traversing, animating, event handling, & Ajax interactions for the purpose of quick web development needs. So although they are not entirely different, both are not the same either!

24. Explain the strict mode in Javascript.

The strict mode ensures that if functions are not properly thought it, those are disabled. It also kept a check on potentially unsafe actions and throw errors when it happens.

25. Is it possible for you to write a one line JavaScript code that concatenates all strings passed into a function?

The following function should help in producing the desired result

function concatenate()
{
  return String.prototype.concat.apply('', arguments);
}

26. Explain Javascript closures.

A basic overview of javascript closures is that it is a stack-frame which is not de-allocated when the function returns.

27. What is event bubbling?

Event bubbling describes the behavior of events in child and parent nodes in the Document Object Model (DOM); that is, all child node events are automatically passed to its parent nodes. The benefit of this method is speed, because the code only needs to traverse the DOM tree once. This is useful when you want to place more than one event listener on a DOM element since you can put just one listener on all of the elements, thus code simplicity and reduction. One application of this is the creation of one event listener on a page’s body element to respond to any click event that occurs within the page’s body.

28. Difference between window.onload and onDocumentReady?

The onload event does not fire until every last piece of the page is loaded, this includes css and images, which means there’s a huge delay before any code is executed.

That isnt what we want. We just want to wait until the DOM is loaded and is able to be manipulated. onDocumentReady allows the programmer to do that.

 

29. How do you change the style/class on any element?

document.getElementById(“myText”).style.fontSize = “20″;
-or-
document.getElementById(“myText”).className = “anyclass”;

30. How is form submission possible via javascript?

We can achieve the desired form submission by using the function document.forms[0].submit().

It must be noted that the 0 in the piece of code given above refers to the form index. Say we have multiple forms on a particular page. To make all the form procession unique, we give each form index numbers. The first form will have the index number as 0. The second form will have an incremented number, 1. The third will have 2 and so on.

31. How JavaScript timers work? What is a drawback of JavaScript timers?

Timers allow you to execute code at a set time or repeatedly using an interval. This is accomplished with the setTimeout, setInterval, and clearInterval functions. The setTimeout(function, delay) function initiates a timer that calls a specific function after the delay; it returns an id value that can be used to access it later. The setInterval(function, delay) function is similar to the setTimeout function except that it executes repeatedly on the delay and only stops when cancelled. The clearInterval(id) function is used to stop a timer. Timers can be tricky to use since they operate within a single thread, thus events queue up waiting to execute.

32. How to get CheckBox status whether it is checked or not?

alert(document.getElementById('checkbox1').checked);

if it will be checked you will get true else false.

33. How to get value from a textbox?

alert(document.getElementById('txtbox1').value);

34. How to get value from dropdown (select) control?

alert(document.getElementById('dropdown1').value);

35. How to get value from RadioButtonList control?

Here id is the name property of the RadioButtonList

function GetRadioButtonValue(id)

        {

            var radio = document.getElementsByName(id);

            for (var ii = 0; ii < radio.length; ii++)

            {

                if (radio[ii].checked)

                    alert(radio[ii].value);

            }

        }

36. How to detect the operating system on the client machine?

In order to detect the operating system on the client machine, the navigator.appVersion
string (property) should be used.

Basic Ruby On Rails (RoR) Interview Questions and Answers - Objective and Subjective

Basic Ruby On Rails (RoR) Interview Questions and Answers - Objective and Subjective

If you are going for a techincal interview on ruby on rails technology, you must prepare following list of basic interview objective and subjective questions. Following objective and subjective interview questions on ruby on rails are based upon basic introduction of Rails web application framework, components of rails, action controller, action view, action dispatch, RESTful architecture, scaffolding, helpers, filters, sessions and cookies etc. Lets have a look on following basic ruby on rails interview questions and answers.

1. What is Rails?

1. Rails is a extremely productive web-application framework written in Ruby language by David Hansson.

2. Rails are an open source Ruby framework for developing database-backend web applications.

3. Rails include everything needed to create a database-driven web application using the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern.

 

2. What are the various components of Rail?

1. Action Pack: Action Pack is a single gem that contains Action Controller, Action View and Action Dispatch. The “VC” part of “MVC”.

Action Controller: Action Controller is the component that manages the controllers in a Rails application. The Action Controller framework processes incoming requests to a Rails application, extracts parameters, and dispatches them to the intended action.

Services provided by Action Controller include session management, template rendering, and redirect management.

Action View:  Action View manages the views of your Rails application. It can create both HTML and XML output by default.

Action View manages rendering templates, including nested and partial templates, and includes built-in AJAX support.

Action Dispatch: Action Dispatch handles routing of web requests and dispatches them as you want, either to your application or any other Rack application. Rack applications are a more advanced topic and are covered in a separate guide called Rails on Rack.

2. Action Mailer: Action Mailer is a framework for building e-mail services. You can use Action Mailer to receive and process incoming email and send simple plain text or complex multipart emails based on flexible templates.

3. Active Model: Active Model provides a defined interface between the Action Pack gem services and Object Relationship Mapping gems such as Active Record. Active Model allows Rails to utilize other ORM frameworks in place of Active Record if your application needs this.

4. Active Record: Active Record are like Object Relational Mapping (ORM), where classes are mapped to table, objects are mapped to columns and object attributes are mapped to data in the table.

5. Active Resource: Active Resource provides a framework for managing the connection between business objects and RESTful web services. It implements a way to map web-based resources to local objects with CRUD semantics.

6. Active Support: Active Support is an extensive collection of utility classes and standard Ruby library extensions that are used in Rails, both by the core code and by your applications.

3. Explain about RESTful Architecture.

RESTful: REST stands for Representational State Transfer. REST is an architecture for designing both web applications and application programming interfaces (API’s), that’s uses HTTP.

RESTful interface means clean URLs, less code, CRUD interface. CRUD means Create-READ-UPDATE-DESTROY. In REST, they add 2 new verbs, i.e, PUT, DELETE.

4. Why Ruby on Rails?

There are lot of advantages of using ruby on rails.

1. DRY Principal( Don’t Repeat Yourself): It is a principle of software development aimed at reducing repetition of code. “Every piece of code must have a single, unambiguous representation within a system”

2. Convention over Configuration: Most web development framework for .NET or Java force you to write pages of configuration code. If you follow suggested naming conventions, Rails doesn’t need much configuration.

3.  Gems and Plugins: RubyGems is a package manager for the Ruby programming language that provides a standard format for distributing ruby programs and library.

Plugins: A Rails plugin is either an extension or a modification of the core framework. It provides a way for developers to share bleeding-edge ideas without hurting the stable code base. We need to decide if our plugin will be potentially shared across different Rails applications.

4. Scaffolding: Scaffolding is a meta-programming method of building database-backend software application. It is a technique supported by MVC frameworks, in which programmer may write a specification, that describes how the application database may be used. There are two type of scaffolding:

-static: Static scaffolding takes 2 parameter i.e your controller name and model name.
-dynamic: In dynamic scaffolding you have to define controller and model one by one.

5. Rack Support: Rake is a software task management tool. It allows you to specify tasks and describe dependencies as well as to group tasks in a namespace.

6. Metaprogramming: Metaprogramming techniques use programs to write programs.

7. Bundler: Bundler is a new concept introduced in Rails 3, which helps you to manage your gems for application. After specifying gem file, you need to do a bundle install.

8. Rest Support.

9. Action Mailer

5. What do you mean by render and redirect_to?

render causes rails to generate a response whose content is provided by rendering one of your templates. Means, it will direct goes to view page.

redirect_to generates a response that, instead of delivering content to the browser, just tells it to request another url. Means it first checks actions in controller and then goes to view page.

6. What is ORM in Rails?

ORM tends for Object-Relationship-Model, where Classes are mapped to table in the database, and Objects are directly mapped to the rows in the table.

7. How many Types of Associations Relationships does a Model have?

When you have more than one model in your rails application, you would need to create connection between those models. You can do this via associations. Active Record supports three types of associations:

one-to-one: A one-to-one relationship exists when one item has exactly one of another item. For example, a person has exactly one birthday or a dog has exactly one owner.

one-to-many: A one-to-many relationship exists when a single object can be a member of many other objects. For instance, one subject can have many books.

many-to-many: A many-to-many relationship exists when the first object is related to one or more of a second object, and the second object is related to one or many of the first object.

You indicate these associations by adding declarations to your models: has_one, has_many, belongs_to, and has_and_belongs_to_many.

8. What are helpers and how to use helpers in ROR?

Helpers are modules that provide methods which are automatically usable in your view. They provide shortcuts to commonly used display code and a way for you to keep the programming out of your views. The purpose of a helper is to simplify the view.

9. What are Filters?

Filters are methods that run “before”, “after” or “around” a controller action. Filters are inherited, so if you set a filter on ApplicationController, it will be run on every controller in your application.

10. What is MVC? and how it Works?

MVC tends for Model-View-Controller, used by many languages like PHP, Perl, Python etc. The flow goes like this:

Request first comes to the controller, controller finds and appropriate view and interacts with model, model interacts with your database and send the response to controller then controller based on the response give the output parameter to view.

11. What is Session and Cookies?

Session is used to store user information on the server side. Maximum size is 4 kb. Cookies are used to store information on the browser side or we can say client side.

12. What is request.xhr?

A request.xhr tells the controller that the new Ajax request has come, It always return Boolean values (TRUE or FALSE)

13. What things we can define in the model?

There are lot of things you can define in models few are:

1. Validations (like validates_presence_of, numeracility_of, format_of etc.)
2. Relationships (like has_one, has_many, HABTM etc.)
3. Callbacks (like before_save, after_save, before_create etc.)
4. Suppose you installed a plugin say validation_group, So you can also define validation_group settings in your model
5. ROR Queries in Sql
6. Active record Associations Relationship

14.  How many types of callbacks available in ROR?

 (1) before_validation
 (2) before_validation_on_create
 (3) validate_on_create
 (4) after_validation
 (5) after_validation_on_create
 (6) before_save
 (7) before_create
 (8) after_create
 (9) after_save

15. How to serialize data with YAML?

YAML is a straight forward machine parsable data serialization format, designed for human readability and interaction with scripting language such as Perl and Python.

YAML is optimized for data serialization, formatted dumping, configuration files, log files, internet messaging and filtering.

16. How to use two databases into a single application?

magic multi-connections allows you to write your model once, and use them for the multiple rails databases at the same time.

sudo gem install magic_multi_connection. After installing this gem, just add this line at bottom of your environment.rb require “magic_multi_connection”

 

17. What are the various changes between the Rails Version 2 and 3?

1. Introduction of bundler (new way to manage your gem dependencies)
2. Gemfile and Gemfile.lock (where all your gem dependencies lies, instead of environment.rb)
3. HTML5 support

18. What is TDD and BDD?

TDD stands for Test-Driven-Development and BDD stands for Behavior-Driven-Development.

19. What are the servers supported by ruby on rails?

RoR was generally preferred over WEBrick server at the time of writing, but it can also be run by:

Lighttpd (pronounced ‘lighty’) is an open-source web server more optimized for speed-critical environments.
Abyss Web Server- is a compact web server available for windows, Mac osX and Linux operating system.
Apache and nginx

20. What do you mean by Naming Convention in Rails.

Variables: Variables are named where all letters are lowercase and words are separated by underscores. E.g: total, order_amount.

Class and Module: Classes and modules uses MixedCase and have no underscores, each word starts with a uppercase letter. Eg: InvoiceItem

Database Table: Table name have all lowercase letters and underscores between words, also all table names to be plural. Eg: invoice_items, orders etc

Model: The model is named using the class naming convention of unbroken MixedCase and always the singular of the table name.

For eg: table name is might be orders, the model name would be Order. Rails will then look for the class definition in a file called order.rb in /app/model directory. If the model class name has multiple capitalized words, the table name is assumed to have underscores between these words.

Controller: controller  class names are pluralized, such that OrdersController would be the controller class for the orders table. Rails will then look for the class definition in a file called orders_controlles.rb in the /app/controller directory.

21. What is the log that has to seen to check for an error in ruby rails?

Rails will report errors from Apache in log/apache.log and errors from the ruby code in log/development.log. If you having a problem, do have a look at what these log are saying.

22. How you run your Rails application without creating databases?

You can run your application by uncommenting the line in environment.rb
path=> rootpath conf/environment.rb
config.frameworks- = [action_web_service, :action_mailer, :active_record

23. How to use sql db or mysql db without defining it in the database.yml?

You can use ActiveRecord anywhere

require “rubygems”
require “active_record”
ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection({
               :adapter=> ‘postgresql’, :user=>’foo’, :password=> ‘abc’, :database=>’whatever’})

24. GET and POST Method?

GET is basically for just getting (retrieving) data, whereas POST may involve anything, like storing or updating data, or ordering a product, or sending E-mail.

Online Best Young Cheap Car Insurance Comparison and Quotes for Young Drivers and Students

Online Best Young Cheap Car Insurance Comparison and Quotes for Young Drivers and Students

If you are a young student having age between 18-21, you must have some different kind of car insurance targeting to young drivers and students. You must have a valid driving license before applying for car insurance. But young car insurance is always costly as compared to other car insurances. So, we will help you in finding and choosing the best young cheap car insurance especially for students. 

Normal car insurance is cheaper as compared to the car insurance for young drivers or students. It is assumed that in young age your mind is not well prepared to drive a car as you may get an accident easily as compared to a mature driver. As a young driver, it is assumed that you are more prone to damage your car by accidents, overspeeding, harsh driving, violating traffic rules etc. So car insurance companies charge more car insurance premiums to young drivers.

So, if you are going to take car insurance for young driver or student, you will have to pay big premiums as compared to other car insurance policies.

So as a young driver and student, you should avoid using costly cars which have high car insurance premiums.

If you are going to take car insurance for young driver, you must go through different car insurance quotes provided by several car insurance companies online. You must read the reviews of insurance holders of that insurance company. Cheaper car insurance does not mean poor car insurance always. You have to compare online different car insurance policies for young drivers and students. Just read down car insurance quotes carefully and keep in mind different features of car insurance for young drivers. There are a lot of websites available which help you to compare different kind of young car insurance policies of different companies. Just do a thorough research before applying for online car insurance.

Online Car Insurance Comparison - Best Car Insurance Companies - Car Insurance Claim Settlements and Quotes

Online Car Insurance Comparison - Best Car Insurance Companies - Car Insurance Claim Settlements and Quotes

If you are going to purchase your dream car, don't forget to choose a right car insurance bank or company which insures any type of car accident and provides quick services for your car accident claims. You should make a detailed comparison between different car insurance companies and choose the best. Read carefully the car insurance quotes provided by different car insurance companies. Your car insurance policy document is the most important document as your car is not only a mean of transport to you but also your second home becaues you spend a lot of time in your car everyday while travelling. So don't always go for cheap insurance companies, go for better service. Try to get different quotes from different car insurance companies and compare them and then take any decision. Always check the age of your car insurance companies and reviews made by its customers.

How to choose best car insurance company? What should be covered in Car Insurance Policy?

Choosing a best car insurance company may be a hectic task as there are a lot of car insurance companies available in the market.

We have highlighted some key features of car insurance policy which you should confirm before applying for car insurance to any company. A company which would be fulfilling following requirements, can be a great car insurance company for you.

1. Your car insurance company should provide detailed coverage against any kind of damage to your car in any kind of car accident you met anywhere. Fire, explosion, self-ignition or lightning, earthquake, flood, typhoon, hurricane, storm, tempest, inundation, cyclone, hailstorm, frost, landslide and rockslide should also be covered in your car insurance policy. Your car insurance policy should also cover burglary, theft, riot, strike, malicious act, accident by external means, terrorist activity, any damage in transit by road, rail, inland waterway, lift, elevator or air.

2. Your car insurance policy should also provide personal accident covers for co-passengers available.

3.  Your car insurance company should provide third party legal liability. It means car insurance company should provide you protection against legal liability due to accidental damages resulting in the permanent injury or death of a person, and damage caused to the surrounding property.

4. Your car insurance policy should also cover electrical and non electrical items fitted in your car like fog lights, music system, AC, mag wheels, seat cover, CNG Kit and Bi-Fuel system etc.

5. The procedure of car accident claim should be straight forward. There should be hassle free claim settlement. Car insurance quotes should be clear and simple.

6. Your car insurance company should provide 24X7 support.

Cheap Car Insurance vs Quality Car Insurance Policy

If you are comparing different car insurance quotes from different car insurance companies, do not only see the cheap rates, but also compare the above points about car insurance. But it does not mean that you always go for high rate car insurance.There may car insurance companies which provide you all the features of car insurance in cheap rates as compared to another car insurance company. You have to research a lot for cheap car insurance companies and the features they provide in their car insurance policy. Cheap car insurance does not always mean poor car insurance policy. So search for cheap car insurance quotes and compare them. Read online reviews from the policy holders of that cheap car insurance company.

Car Insurance Claim Settlements

Before purchasing any car insurance policy, please confirm the car insurance claim settlement procedures. Car insurance claim settlement should be easy and less time consuming. If at any point, you come to know that claim settlement procedure is hectic and involves a lot of paper work, just ignore that car insurance company.